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Indications/Uses
Spastic paralysis in the following diseases: Cerebrovascular diseases, spastic spinal paralysis, cervical spondylosis, post-operative sequelae (including cerebrospinal tumor), sequelae to trauma (spinal trauma, head injury), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cerebral palsy, spinocerebellar degeneration, spinal vascular diseases, and other encephalomyelopathies.
Improvement of myotonic symptoms in the following diseases: Cervical syndrome, periarthritis of the shoulder, lumbago.
Tension type headache.
Improvement of myotonic symptoms in the following diseases: Cervical syndrome, periarthritis of the shoulder, lumbago.
Tension type headache.
Dosage/Direction for Use
The usual adult dose for oral use is 3 tablets (150 mg of eperisone hydrochloride) daily in three divided doses after meals.
The dose may be adjusted depending on the patient's age and symptoms.
The dose may be adjusted depending on the patient's age and symptoms.
Administration
Should be taken with food.
Contraindications
Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) is contraindicated in the following patients: Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to any ingredients of Eperisone hydrocloride (MYONAL).
Special Precautions
Careful Administration (Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) should be administered with care in the following patients): Patients with a history of drug hypersensitivity; Patients with hepatic function disorder [Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) may aggravate hepatic function.]
Important Precautions: Weakness, lightheadedness, sleepiness or other symptoms may occur. In the event of such symptoms, the dosage should be reduced or treatment discontinued. Patients should be cautioned against engaging in potentially hazardous activities requiring alertness, such as operating machinery or driving a car.
Use in Children: Safety in children has not been established (insufficient clinical experience).
Use in Elderly: Since the elderly often have a physiological hypofunction, it is advisable to take such measures as the reduction in dosage under careful supervision.
Important Precautions: Weakness, lightheadedness, sleepiness or other symptoms may occur. In the event of such symptoms, the dosage should be reduced or treatment discontinued. Patients should be cautioned against engaging in potentially hazardous activities requiring alertness, such as operating machinery or driving a car.
Use in Children: Safety in children has not been established (insufficient clinical experience).
Use in Elderly: Since the elderly often have a physiological hypofunction, it is advisable to take such measures as the reduction in dosage under careful supervision.
Use In Pregnancy & Lactation
Use During Pregnancy: Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) should only be used in pregnant women or women suspected of being pregnant, if the expected therapeutic benefits are evaluated to outweigh the possible risk of treatment.
[The safety of Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) in pregnant women has not been established.]
Use During Lactation: It is advisable to avoid the administration of Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) to nursing mothers. When Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) must be used, breastfeeding should be discontinued during treatment.
[It has been reported that Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) is excreted in breast milk in an animal study (in rats).]
[The safety of Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) in pregnant women has not been established.]
Use During Lactation: It is advisable to avoid the administration of Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) to nursing mothers. When Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) must be used, breastfeeding should be discontinued during treatment.
[It has been reported that Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) is excreted in breast milk in an animal study (in rats).]
Adverse Reactions
Adverse reactions were reported in 416 of 12,315 patients (3.38%). (At the end of the re-examination period.)
Clinically significant adverse reactions (incidence unknown): Shock and anaphylactoid reactions: Since shock and anaphylactoid reactions may occur, patients should be carefully observed. In the event of symptoms such as redness, itching, urticaria, edema of the face or other parts and dyspnea etc., treatment should be discontinued and appropriate measures taken.
Oculo-muco-cutaneous syndrome (Stevens-Johnson syndrome) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell syndrome): Serious dermatopathy such as oculo-muco-cutaneous syndrome (Stevens-Johnson syndrome) or toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell syndrome) may occur. Patients should be carefully observed, treatment discontinued and appropriate measures taken, in the event of symptoms such as fever, erythema, blistering, itching, ocular congestion or stomatitis, etc.
Other adverse reactions: (See Table 2.)
Clinically significant adverse reactions (incidence unknown): Shock and anaphylactoid reactions: Since shock and anaphylactoid reactions may occur, patients should be carefully observed. In the event of symptoms such as redness, itching, urticaria, edema of the face or other parts and dyspnea etc., treatment should be discontinued and appropriate measures taken.
Oculo-muco-cutaneous syndrome (Stevens-Johnson syndrome) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell syndrome): Serious dermatopathy such as oculo-muco-cutaneous syndrome (Stevens-Johnson syndrome) or toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell syndrome) may occur. Patients should be carefully observed, treatment discontinued and appropriate measures taken, in the event of symptoms such as fever, erythema, blistering, itching, ocular congestion or stomatitis, etc.
Other adverse reactions: (See Table 2.)
Drug Interactions
Precautions for co-administration [Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) should be administered with care when co-administered with the following drugs.] (See Table 3.)
Storage
Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) should be stored at temperatures not exceeding 30°C.
Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) should be protected from light and moisture after opening package. (Light and moisture may cause discoloration of the tablets).
Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) should be protected from light and moisture after opening package. (Light and moisture may cause discoloration of the tablets).
Action
Pharmacology: Skeletal muscle relaxation: Inhibition of experimentally-induced muscle rigidity: Eperisone hydrochloride suppresses intercollicular section-induced decerebrate rigidity (Y-rigidity) and ischemic decerebrate rigidity (α-rigidity) in rats dose-dependently.
Supression of spinal reflexes: In spinal cats, eperisone hydrochloride suppresses mono- and polysynaptic reflex potentials induced through spinal nerve efferent root stimulation to a similar degree.
Reduction of muscle spindle sensitivity via Y-motor neurons: Eperisone hydrochloride suppresses the activity of afferent nerve fibers (Ia fibers) from human muscle spindles at 20 min. after administration. Eperisone hydrochloride suppresses the spontaneous discharge of Y-motor neurons, but does not act directly on muscle spindles in animals. Accordingly, eperisone hydrochloride reduces muscle spindle sensitivity via the Y-motor neurons.
Vasodilatation and Augmentation of blood flow: Vasodilatory action: Eperisone hydrochloride dilates the blood vessels due to Ca++-antagonistic action (in guinea pigs) on the vascular smooth muscle and muscular sympatholytic actions (in humans).
Augmentation of blood flow: Eperisone hydrochloride increases the volume of blood flow in skin, muscle, external and internal carotid arteries and vertebral arteries in humans, monkeys and dogs.
Analgesic action and inhibition of the pain reflex in the spinal cord: When eperisone hydrochloride is perfused into the spinal cord of rats, a tail pinch-induced pain reflex is suppressed, but the reflex returns with the withdrawal of eperisone hydrochloride. This suggests that eperisone hydrochloride possesses an analgesic action at the spinal cord level.
Facilitation of voluntary movement: When eperisone hydrochloride is used in the treatment of spastic paralysis in patients with cerebral apoplexy, it improves the cybex torque curve and electromyogram and facilitates voluntary movements, such as extension and flexion of the extremities, without reducing the muscular force.
Clinical Studies: Cervical syndrome, periarthritis of the shoulder and lumbago: In open-labeled clinical trials and a double-blind controlled clinical trial undertaken to determine the effects of Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) on myotonic symptoms associated with these diseases, an efficacy rate of 52.1% (234/449) was achieved (When fairly effective responses are included, the efficacy rate was as high as 80.4%).
Spastic paralysis: In open-labeled clinical trials and a double-blind clinical trial, the usefulness of Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) has been established for spastic paralysis associated with diseases such as cerebrovascular disturbances, spastic spinal paralysis or cervical spondylosis. Improvement rates for rigidity and stiffness in patients with spastic paralysis were 42.3% (197/466) and 45.1% (174/386), respectively.
Pharmacokinetics: Blood concentration: Eperisone hydrochloride was administered orally to 8 healthy adult male volunteers at a single dose of 150 mg/day for 14 consecutives days and the plasma concentration was determined at days 1, 8 and 14. The time to reach the peak plasma concentration (tmax) ranged from 1.6 to 1.9 hr, the peak concentration (Cmax) was 7.5 to 7.9 ng/mL, elimination half-life (t1/2) was 1.6 to 1.8 hr, and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) was 19.7 to 21.1 ng•hr/mL. The plasma concentration profiles of eperisone hydrochloride determined at days 8 to 14 did not significantly vary from those of the first day. (See figure.)
Supression of spinal reflexes: In spinal cats, eperisone hydrochloride suppresses mono- and polysynaptic reflex potentials induced through spinal nerve efferent root stimulation to a similar degree.
Reduction of muscle spindle sensitivity via Y-motor neurons: Eperisone hydrochloride suppresses the activity of afferent nerve fibers (Ia fibers) from human muscle spindles at 20 min. after administration. Eperisone hydrochloride suppresses the spontaneous discharge of Y-motor neurons, but does not act directly on muscle spindles in animals. Accordingly, eperisone hydrochloride reduces muscle spindle sensitivity via the Y-motor neurons.
Vasodilatation and Augmentation of blood flow: Vasodilatory action: Eperisone hydrochloride dilates the blood vessels due to Ca++-antagonistic action (in guinea pigs) on the vascular smooth muscle and muscular sympatholytic actions (in humans).
Augmentation of blood flow: Eperisone hydrochloride increases the volume of blood flow in skin, muscle, external and internal carotid arteries and vertebral arteries in humans, monkeys and dogs.
Analgesic action and inhibition of the pain reflex in the spinal cord: When eperisone hydrochloride is perfused into the spinal cord of rats, a tail pinch-induced pain reflex is suppressed, but the reflex returns with the withdrawal of eperisone hydrochloride. This suggests that eperisone hydrochloride possesses an analgesic action at the spinal cord level.
Facilitation of voluntary movement: When eperisone hydrochloride is used in the treatment of spastic paralysis in patients with cerebral apoplexy, it improves the cybex torque curve and electromyogram and facilitates voluntary movements, such as extension and flexion of the extremities, without reducing the muscular force.
Clinical Studies: Cervical syndrome, periarthritis of the shoulder and lumbago: In open-labeled clinical trials and a double-blind controlled clinical trial undertaken to determine the effects of Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) on myotonic symptoms associated with these diseases, an efficacy rate of 52.1% (234/449) was achieved (When fairly effective responses are included, the efficacy rate was as high as 80.4%).
Spastic paralysis: In open-labeled clinical trials and a double-blind clinical trial, the usefulness of Eperisone hydrochloride (MYONAL) has been established for spastic paralysis associated with diseases such as cerebrovascular disturbances, spastic spinal paralysis or cervical spondylosis. Improvement rates for rigidity and stiffness in patients with spastic paralysis were 42.3% (197/466) and 45.1% (174/386), respectively.
Pharmacokinetics: Blood concentration: Eperisone hydrochloride was administered orally to 8 healthy adult male volunteers at a single dose of 150 mg/day for 14 consecutives days and the plasma concentration was determined at days 1, 8 and 14. The time to reach the peak plasma concentration (tmax) ranged from 1.6 to 1.9 hr, the peak concentration (Cmax) was 7.5 to 7.9 ng/mL, elimination half-life (t1/2) was 1.6 to 1.8 hr, and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) was 19.7 to 21.1 ng•hr/mL. The plasma concentration profiles of eperisone hydrochloride determined at days 8 to 14 did not significantly vary from those of the first day. (See figure.)
MedsGo Class
Muscle Relaxants
Features
Dosage
50 mg
Ingredients
- Eperisone
Packaging
Tablet 1's
Generic Name
Eperisone Hydrochloride
Registration Number
DR-XY22030
Classification
Prescription Drug (RX)
Product Questions
Questions
