PANTOPRAZ PANTOPRAZole Sodium 40mg Enteric-Coated Tablet 1's
RXDRUG-DR-XY38298-1pc
Discreet Packaging
FDA-registered Products
FDA-licensed Pharmacies
Indications/Uses
Peptic ulcer; Moderate and severe (gastro-esophageal reflux disease or GERD); Combination therapy with suitable antibiotics for the eradication of H. pylori in patients with gastric ulcers with the aim of reducing the recurrence rate of duodenal and gastric ulcers caused by pathogenic organism; Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
Dosage/Direction for Use
Oral: Peptic ulcer: 40 mg once daily.
Benign gastric ulceration: 40 mg once daily for 4 to 8 weeks.
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: 80 mg once daily.
GERD: 40 mg once daily.
H. pylori infection: 40 mg twice daily with clarithromycin and either amoxicillin or metronidazole.
In the event of severe hepatic insufficiency, the dose must be reduced 40 mg every other day. Furthermore, in patients, the liver enzymes should be monitored during pantoprazole therapy. In case of a rise of liver enzymes, pantoprazole should be discontinued.
The daily dose of pantoprazole should not exceed 40 mg in patients with impaired renal function and in elderly patients. One exception to this is combination therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori: Elderly patients should also receive the usual pantoprazole dose 2 x 40 mg daily.
Tablet should be swallowed whole, without chewing.
Benign gastric ulceration: 40 mg once daily for 4 to 8 weeks.
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: 80 mg once daily.
GERD: 40 mg once daily.
H. pylori infection: 40 mg twice daily with clarithromycin and either amoxicillin or metronidazole.
In the event of severe hepatic insufficiency, the dose must be reduced 40 mg every other day. Furthermore, in patients, the liver enzymes should be monitored during pantoprazole therapy. In case of a rise of liver enzymes, pantoprazole should be discontinued.
The daily dose of pantoprazole should not exceed 40 mg in patients with impaired renal function and in elderly patients. One exception to this is combination therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori: Elderly patients should also receive the usual pantoprazole dose 2 x 40 mg daily.
Tablet should be swallowed whole, without chewing.
Administration
May be taken with or without food: Swallow whole, do not chew.
Contraindications
Not to be used in combination therapy for the eradication of H. Pylori in patients with moderately severe hepatic or renal impairment since no clinical experience is yet available regarding the efficacy and safety of this combination therapy in these patients.
Patients with known hypersensitivity to one of the ingredients of Pantoprazole or one of the other drugs of the combined regimen.
Patients with known hypersensitivity to one of the ingredients of Pantoprazole or one of the other drugs of the combined regimen.
Special Precautions
Pantoprazole is not indicated for mild gastrointestinal complaints, e.g. nervous dyspepsia.
Prior to treatment, the possibility of malignancy of gastric-ulcer or a malignant disease of the esophagus should not be excluded as treatment with pantoprazole may mask the symptoms of malignant ulcers and can thus delay diagnosis.
Use with caution in patients with liver disease, in pregnancy and breast-feeding.
Prior to treatment, the possibility of malignancy of gastric-ulcer or a malignant disease of the esophagus should not be excluded as treatment with pantoprazole may mask the symptoms of malignant ulcers and can thus delay diagnosis.
Use with caution in patients with liver disease, in pregnancy and breast-feeding.
Use In Pregnancy & Lactation
Use with caution in pregnancy and breast-feeding.
Adverse Reactions
Headache and diarrhea are occasionally mild and transient.
In rare cases, nausea, epigastric discomfort, flatulence, hives, pruritus and dizziness.
In individual cases, edema formation, hyperthermia, depression and visual disturbances have been observed.
In rare cases, nausea, epigastric discomfort, flatulence, hives, pruritus and dizziness.
In individual cases, edema formation, hyperthermia, depression and visual disturbances have been observed.
Drug Interactions
Pantoprazole may possibly reduce the absorption of drugs with pH-dependent bioavailability (e.g. Ketoconazole).
Pantoprazole is metabolized in the liver via the cytochrome P450 enzyme system. An interaction of pantoprazole with other substances which are metabolized by the same enzyme system cannot be excluded. However, no clinically significant interactions were observed in specific tests with carbamazepine, caffeine, diazepam, diclofenac, digoxin, ethanol, glibenclamide, metoprolol, naproxen, nifedipine, phenytoin, piroxicam, theophylline and an oral contraceptive containing levonorgestrel and ethinyl oestradiol.
Pantoprazole is metabolized in the liver via the cytochrome P450 enzyme system. An interaction of pantoprazole with other substances which are metabolized by the same enzyme system cannot be excluded. However, no clinically significant interactions were observed in specific tests with carbamazepine, caffeine, diazepam, diclofenac, digoxin, ethanol, glibenclamide, metoprolol, naproxen, nifedipine, phenytoin, piroxicam, theophylline and an oral contraceptive containing levonorgestrel and ethinyl oestradiol.
Storage
Store at temperatures not exceeding 30°C. Protect from light.
Action
Pharmacology: Pantoprazole is a substituted benzimidazole which inhibits the secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach by specific action on the proton pumps of the parietal cells.
Pantoprazole is converted to its active form in the acidic environment in the parietal cells where it inhibits the H+, K+ ATPase enzymes ie, the final stage in the production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. The inhibition is dose-dependent and affects both basal and stimulated acid secretion. As with other proton-pump inhibitors and H2-receptor inhibitors, treatment with pantoprazole causes a reduced acidity in the stomach and thereby an increase in gastrin in proportion to the reduction in acidity. The increase in gastrin is reversible. Since pantoprazole binds to the enzyme distal to the cell receptor level, the substance can affect hydrochloric acid secretion independently of stimulation by other substances (acetylcholine, histamine, gastrin). The effect is the same whether the product is given orally or intravenously.
Pharmacokinetics: Pantoprazole is rapidly absorbed and the maximal plasma concentration is achieved even after 1 single 40-mg oral dose. On average at about 2.5 hrs post dose the maximum serum concentrations of about 2-3 mcg/mL are achieved, and these values remain constant after multiple administration. Volume of distribution is about 0.15 L/kg and clearance is about 0.1 L/hr/kg. Terminal half-life is about 1 hr. There were few cases of subjects with delayed elimination. Because of the specific activation of pantoprazole in the parietal cell, the elimination half-life does not correlate with the much longer duration of action (inhibition of acid secretion). Pharmacokinetics does not vary after single or repeated administration. In the dose range of 10-80 mg, the plasma kinetics of pantoprazole are virtually linear after both oral and IV administration.
Pantoprazole's serum protein-binding is about 98%. The substance is almost exclusively metabolized in the liver. Renal elimination represents the major route of excretion (about 80%) for the metabolites of pantoprazole, the rest are excreted with the feces. The main metabolite in both the serum and urine is desmethylpantoprazole, which is conjugated with sulfate. The half-life of the main metabolite (about 1.5 hrs) is not much longer than that of pantoprazole.
Bioavailability: Pantoprazole is completely absorbed after oral administration. The absolute bioavailability from the tablet was found to be about 77%. Concomitant food intake had no influence on AUC, maximum serum concentration and thus bioavailability. Only the variability of the lag-time will be increased by concomitant food intake.
Characteristics in Patients/Special Groups of Subjects: No dose reduction is requested when pantoprazole is administered to patients with restricted kidney function (including dialysis patients). As with healthy subjects, pantoprazole's half-life is short. Only very small amounts of pantoprazole are dialyzed. Although the main metabolite has a moderately delayed half-life (2-3 hrs), excretion is still rapid and thus accumulation does not occur. Although for patients with liver cirrhosis (classes A and B according to Child) the half-life values increased between 7-9 hrs and the AUC values increased slightly by a factor of 5-7, the maximum serum concentration only increased slightly by a factor of 1.5 compared with healthy subjects. A slight increase in AUC and Cmax in elderly volunteers compared with younger counterparts is also not clinically relevant.
Pantoprazole is converted to its active form in the acidic environment in the parietal cells where it inhibits the H+, K+ ATPase enzymes ie, the final stage in the production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. The inhibition is dose-dependent and affects both basal and stimulated acid secretion. As with other proton-pump inhibitors and H2-receptor inhibitors, treatment with pantoprazole causes a reduced acidity in the stomach and thereby an increase in gastrin in proportion to the reduction in acidity. The increase in gastrin is reversible. Since pantoprazole binds to the enzyme distal to the cell receptor level, the substance can affect hydrochloric acid secretion independently of stimulation by other substances (acetylcholine, histamine, gastrin). The effect is the same whether the product is given orally or intravenously.
Pharmacokinetics: Pantoprazole is rapidly absorbed and the maximal plasma concentration is achieved even after 1 single 40-mg oral dose. On average at about 2.5 hrs post dose the maximum serum concentrations of about 2-3 mcg/mL are achieved, and these values remain constant after multiple administration. Volume of distribution is about 0.15 L/kg and clearance is about 0.1 L/hr/kg. Terminal half-life is about 1 hr. There were few cases of subjects with delayed elimination. Because of the specific activation of pantoprazole in the parietal cell, the elimination half-life does not correlate with the much longer duration of action (inhibition of acid secretion). Pharmacokinetics does not vary after single or repeated administration. In the dose range of 10-80 mg, the plasma kinetics of pantoprazole are virtually linear after both oral and IV administration.
Pantoprazole's serum protein-binding is about 98%. The substance is almost exclusively metabolized in the liver. Renal elimination represents the major route of excretion (about 80%) for the metabolites of pantoprazole, the rest are excreted with the feces. The main metabolite in both the serum and urine is desmethylpantoprazole, which is conjugated with sulfate. The half-life of the main metabolite (about 1.5 hrs) is not much longer than that of pantoprazole.
Bioavailability: Pantoprazole is completely absorbed after oral administration. The absolute bioavailability from the tablet was found to be about 77%. Concomitant food intake had no influence on AUC, maximum serum concentration and thus bioavailability. Only the variability of the lag-time will be increased by concomitant food intake.
Characteristics in Patients/Special Groups of Subjects: No dose reduction is requested when pantoprazole is administered to patients with restricted kidney function (including dialysis patients). As with healthy subjects, pantoprazole's half-life is short. Only very small amounts of pantoprazole are dialyzed. Although the main metabolite has a moderately delayed half-life (2-3 hrs), excretion is still rapid and thus accumulation does not occur. Although for patients with liver cirrhosis (classes A and B according to Child) the half-life values increased between 7-9 hrs and the AUC values increased slightly by a factor of 5-7, the maximum serum concentration only increased slightly by a factor of 1.5 compared with healthy subjects. A slight increase in AUC and Cmax in elderly volunteers compared with younger counterparts is also not clinically relevant.
MedsGo Class
Features
Brand
Pantopraz
Full Details
Dosage Strength
40 mg
Drug Ingredients
- Pantoprazole
Drug Packaging
Enteric-Coated Tablet 1's
Generic Name
Pantoprazole Sodium
Dosage Form
Enteric-Coated Tablet
Registration Number
DR-XY38298
Drug Classification
Prescription Drug (RX)
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